Two-dimensional materials are a class of materials that have thicknesses on the order of a few atoms or molecules. These materials exhibit unique physical, chemical, and electronic properties due to their reduced dimensionality, which differ significantly from their bulk counterparts. Graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice, is one of the most well-known two-dimensional materials. It has exceptional mechanical strength, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity, making it a promising material for a wide range of applications, including electronics, sensors, and energy storage. Other two-dimensional materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), black phosphorus, and hexagonal boron nitride, also exhibit interesting properties that make them attractive for various technological applications. Research in this area is focused on understanding the fundamental properties of these materials, exploring novel synthesis methods, and investigating their potential applications in fields such as electronics, photonics, and energy storage. Overall, research on two-dimensional materials has the potential to revolutionize various industries by enabling the development of new materials with unprecedented properties and functionalities.